É inegável que a vida em condomínio traz consigo diversos desafios. Educação e culturas diferentes, classes diferentes, entre outros tantos detalhes, acabam colidindo diariamente. Nem mesmo a eleição de um representante (síndico) diminui tais desafios. Contudo, algumas atitudes extrapolam o mero desentendimento ou incompatibilidade cultural, gerando um risco à vida em condomínio.
Desde a entrada em vigor do Código Civil, em 2002, a possibilidade de caracterização do chamado condômino antissocial gera aos síndicos, administradores, gestores e até mesmo aqueles que vivem a relação condominial propriamente dita, uma enorme dúvida: afinal, quem pode ser considerado um condômino antissocial?
Inicialmente, a lei estabelece que é antissocial o condômino que gerar incompatibilidade de convivência com os demais condôminos ou possuidores. A possível sanção, por sua vez, corresponde ao pagamento de multa de até 10 vezes o valor atribuído à contribuição para as despesas condominiais, até ulterior deliberação da Assembleia, que é o órgão ao qual cabe a decisão final. Aliás, há decisões judiciais no sentido de se permitir, inclusive, a exclusão do condômino antissocial daquele determinado condomínio.
Contudo, o Código Civil, quando da caracterização do condômino antissocial, foi muito abrangente, até de certa forma genérico, mas isso tem um porquê. Isso se dá, pois, cada realidade condominial é diferente. A bem da verdade, é por isso que cada condomínio, além das leis aplicáveis, possui uma Convenção Condominial e um Regimento Interno, que são responsáveis por regular aquela “sociedade condominial”. As necessidades dos condôminos de um determinado condomínio são, normalmente, diferentes daquelas que um outro necessita. Daí surge a necessidade de haver um regramento próprio para cada um.
Deste modo, a despeito da lei, o condômino antissocial será caracterizado de uma maneira peculiar a cada relação condominial existente. É dizer: cada condomínio, por meio de seus regramentos internos e de sua Assembleia, é que deve decidir se determinado comportamento, que gere um desequilíbrio – seja ele psíquico, à tranquilidade, ao sossego ou a saúde dos demais moradores – é tão danoso àquela “sociedade condominial” a ponto de considerar-se quem o praticou como um condômino antissocial, aplicando-lhe multa ou até excluindo-o do condomínio.
Por óbvio, não podemos generalizar o condômino antissocial como todo aquele que pratica tais atos, mas sim como a pessoa que pratica de forma completamente incompatível com a relação condominial existente e da qual faz parte, gerando um desequilíbrio generalizado naquele ambiente. De qualquer modo, caberá à Assembleia a decisão final acerca da caracterização, ou não, de quem os pratica como condômino antissocial.
Reportagem divulgada pelo site http://condominiosc.com.br/jornal-dos-condominios/3678-como-se-caracteriza-o-condomino-antissocial no dia 07/01/2019.
Thays Adriana Sagas do Prado
Advogada
Associada ao Instituto Brasileiro de Direito Imobiliário – IBRADIM
Membro da Comissão de Direito Condominial do Instituto Brasileiro de Direito Imobiliário – IBRADIM
Especialista em Direito Imobiliário, Urbanístico, Notarial e Registral pela ENA-OAB – Escola Nacional da Advocacia, em parceria com a Universidade de Santa Cruz do Sul
Membro da Comissão de Direito Imobiliário da OAB/SC
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